Once the diagnosis of prostate cancer has
been made the disease has to be staged and
graded. The stage refers to the extent and
spread of the disease while the grade refers
to the nature (aggressiveness) of the
particular tumor. Staging will determine the
extent of disease and provide important
prognostic information that will influence
the management decisions.
Staging investigations - PSA - X-rays of
lumbar spine and pelvis - Chest X-ray -
Radionuclitide bone scan - MTI scan of pelvis
TNM Staging system
T stage (extent of primary lesion)
- T1 - tumor confined to prostate, not
palpable or visible on TRUS - T2 - tumor
palpable or visible on TRUS but confined to
prostate - T3 - spread beyond the prostatic
capsule - T3a - extracapsular spread only -
T3b - involvement of the seminal vesicles -
T4 - invasion into rectal wall, bladder neck
Prostate Cancer: Why Eating Well Is The Best Defense?No other human organ is as susceptible to cancer as the prostate. Each year, an estimated 209,900 American men are diagnosed with the disease, making it the most prevalent form of cancer in the United States. Although lung cancer claims more than twice as many mens lives each year, prostate cancer is the second most lethal male cancer, killing 41,800 men annually.
In fact, the malady is so widespread that by age 65, nearly two out of three males may develop minute tumors producing in their prostates, the walnut-size gland that is wrapped around the urethra, the tube that drains the bladder ..
or pelvic wall N (Nodal) status - N0 -
regional nodes not involved - N1 - regional
nodes involved by tumor M (Distant
Metastases) - M0 - no distant metastases -
M1 - distant metastases present
Grading
Grading refers to what the cancer looks like
under a microscope. The most commonly used
system is the Gleason grade and score. The
glandular pattern is compared to that of a
normal prostate and scored out of 5, where 1
resembles a pattern very close to normal and
5 resembles severely distorted glandular
architecture. The two predominant glandular
patterns within the cancer are graded out of
5 and the combined score calculated out of
10. The higher the Gleason score, the more
aggressive is the tumor and the worse is the
prognosis. Patients with cancers confined to
the prostate (T1 and T2) and no involvement
of the lymph nodes or other organs (N0 and
M0) are potentially curable by surgery or
Use Of Altenative Medicine In Prostate CancerAccording to a conclusion of a group of the University of California-San Francisco, about one third of prostate cancer sufferers in the United States receive some type of alternative or complementary medicine therapies. People using alternative medicine have more education, higher incomes, and more advanced cancers, targeting the prostate health when were younger. They also were more likely to face other illnesses.
Because alternative or complementary therapies could interact with other medicines, it is very important for patients to tell their physician everything they are taking.
After inv ..
radiotherapy. Patients with disease beyond
the prostate are not curable.
With our next information we will inform
you about the Risk factors for enlarged
prostate so you should have a look on
this site in the next 2 weeks! If you have
any question sends us your e-mail.
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Fritz Frei Admin
http://www.cancer-info.info
About The Author
Fritz Frei make it easy to check out the important details about the diagnoses and test's of the prostate cancer. To receive more information's about all cancer -questions - Links and last research NEW's - visit the http://www.cancer-info.info.
Fritz FreiStaging and Grading of Prostate Cancer
